Ukubona ungcoliseko lolona setyenziso luphambili lweenkqubo zokuhlolwa kweX-reyi ekutyeni nasekuveliseni amayeza, kwaye kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke izinto ezingcolisayo zisuswe ngokupheleleyo kungakhathaliseki ukuba zifakwe ziphi na kunye nohlobo lokupakisha ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokutya.
Iinkqubo zeX-reyi zanamhlanje zikhethekileyo, zisebenza kakuhle kwaye zihambele phambili, kwaye zisetyenziswa kuluhlu olubanzi lwamashishini ukuze zihlolwe, kubandakanywa ukuxilongwa kwezonyango, ukuhlolwa kokutya kunye nokuthengiswa kwemveliso yamayeza, ukwakhiwa (isakhiwo, imigodi kunye nobunjineli) kunye nokhuseleko. Kwintsimi yokhuseleko, zisetyenziselwa "ukubona" ngaphakathi kwemithwalo okanye iipakethi. Abavelisi bokutya kunye namayeza baxhomekeke kwiinkqubo ze-X-reyi zokubona kunye nokususa iimveliso ezingcolileyo kwimigca yemveliso ukukhusela abathengi, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokukhumbula imveliso kunye nokugcina iimpawu zabo.
Kodwa iinkqubo zeX-reyi zizibona njani izinto ezingcolileyo? Eli nqaku lichaza ukuba yintoni i-X-reyi kunye nendlela iinkqubo zokuhlola i-X-reyi ezisebenza ngayo.
1. Yintoni iiX-reyi?
I-X-reyi yenye yeemitha ezininzi ezenzeka ngokwendalo kwaye luhlobo olungabonakaliyo lwemitha ye-electromagnetic radiation, njengamaza erediyo. Zonke iintlobo zemitha ye-electromagnetic yinkqubo enye kwi-electromagnetic spectrum, ecwangciswe ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunye nobude be-wavelength. Iqala ngamaza erediyo (ubude obude) ize iphele ngemitha ye-gamma (ubude obufutshane bezaza). Ubude obufutshane be-X-ray bubavumela ukuba bangene kwizinto ezi-opaque ukuya ekukhanyeni okubonakalayo, kodwa akunyanzelekanga ukuba bangene kuzo zonke izinto. Ukuhanjiswa kwezinto kuhambelana ngokusondeleyo nobuninzi bayo - i-denser, i-X-rays encinci ihambisa. Izingcolisi ezifihlakeleyo, eziquka iglasi, ithambo elibaliweyo kunye nentsimbi, ziyavela kuba zifunxa ii-X-reyi ezininzi kunemveliso ezingqongileyo.
2. Imigaqo yoHlolo lweX-reyi Amanqaku aphambili
Ngokufutshane, inkqubo ye-X-reyi isebenzisa i-X-reyi generator ukwenza umqadi we-X-reyi wamandla aphantsi kwi-sensor okanye i-detector. Imveliso okanye ipakethe idlula kwi-X-reyi kwaye ifikelele kwisixhobo. Ubungakanani bamandla e-X-reyi afunxwa yimveliso inxulumene nobukhulu, ubuninzi kunye nenani le-athomu yemveliso. Xa imveliso idlula kwi-X-ray beam, kuphela amandla aseleyo afikelela kwi-detector. Ukulinganisa umahluko phakathi kwemveliso kunye nongcoliseko sisiseko sokufunyanwa komzimba wangaphandle ekuhlolweni kwe-X-ray.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-02-2024